|
The Calakmul Biosphere Reserve (''Reserva de la Biosfera de Calakmul'') is located at the base of the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, in Calakmul Municipality in the state of Campeche, bordering the Guatemalan department of El Petén to the south. It occupies and includes about 12% of the subperennial jungles of Mexico. The Reserve, which was established in 1989, is one of the largest protected areas in Mexico, covering more than 14% of the state.〔(【引用サイトリンク】first=Ron )〕 The important pre-Columbian Maya civilization archaeological site of Calakmul, one of the largest-known Maya sites, is located in the Biosphere Reserve.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1061 )〕 == Flora and Fauna == The Reserve and the contiguous forested areas of the Maya Biosphere Reserve ''(Reserva de la Biosfera Maya)'' in the Guatemalan department of El Petén form one of the largest and least disturbed tracts of rainforest in the Americas north of Colombia. The forest is classified as dry forest to the west and tall and medium-height subperennial rainforest to the east. Among the trees, there are ceibas, Honduras mahogany (''Swietenia macrophylla''), strangler figs (''Ficus''), chaká (''Bursera simaruba''), and chicle or chicozapote (''Manilkara chicle''). The biosphere is home to 86 different species of mammals, 18 which can be found in the Official Registry of Mexican Ecology, a resource which outlines flora and fauna that are in danger of extinction, rare, threatened or are under protection. The area is home to 5 out of 6 of the six large cats that are native to Mexico.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.parkswatch.org/parkprofile.php?l=eng&country=mex&park=ckbr&page=rec )〕 This includes its small but healthy population of jaguars as well as jaguarundis, ocelots, pumas and margays. The fauna also includes Central American agoutis, Geoffroy's spider monkeys, Guatemalan black howlers, Baird's tapir, white-nosed coatis, ocellated turkeys, crested guans, toucans, and green parrots. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Calakmul Biosphere Reserve」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|